June 8, 1630 - Charles II of England

Charles II occupies an unusual place on a site like this — his inclusion reflects less a record of atrocity than the complex moral accounting of royal power restored. His return to the throne in 1660 brought with it the Act of Indemnity and the regicide trials, in which those who had signed his father's death warrant faced execution or imprisonment at his direction. The years of exile that preceded his restoration shaped a king known for political pragmatism and personal indulgence, but also for the quiet, calculated uses of royal authority against his enemies.

From Wikipedia

Charles II (29 May 1630 – 6 February 1685) was King of Scotland from 1649 until 1651 and King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from the 1660 Restoration of the monarchy until his death in 1685.

Charles II was the eldest surviving child of Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland and Henrietta Maria of France. After Charles I's execution at Whitehall on 30 January 1649, at the climax of the English Civil War, the Parliament of Scotland proclaimed Charles II king on 5 February 1649. However, England entered the period known as the English Interregnum or the English Commonwealth with a republican government eventually led by Oliver Cromwell. Cromwell defeated Charles II at the Battle of Worcester on 3 September 1651, and Charles fled to mainland Europe. Cromwell became Lord Protector of England, Scotland and Ireland. Charles spent the next nine years in exile in France, the Dutch Republic and the Spanish Netherlands. A political crisis after Cromwell's death in 1658 resulted in the restoration of the monarchy in 1660, and Charles was invited to return to Britain.

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